Cooperative federalism is best defined as? a. a centralized system of government in which lower levels of government have little power independent of the national government. b. the system of government that prevailed in the united states from 1789 to 1937 in which most fundamental governmental powers were shared between the federal and state governments. c. a form of federalism in which congress imposes legislation on states and localities, requiring them to meet national standards. d. a type of federalism existing since the new deal era in which grants-in-aid have been used strategically to encourage states and localities to pursue nationally defined goals.