Who created the three emperors league in 1872, which combined germany russia and and the triple alliance of germany ital and

in 1897, pershing became a tactical officer at west point, and that's where he was given the nickname "black jack." pershing's first name is "john," for which "jack" is a nickname, and he was a white man who commanded black troops. hence "black jack".

the answer is c my brotha. c.   formed an alliance with the soviet union.