In september of 2002, president george w. bush issued a document formally announcing that the doctrine of would guide american foreign policy in regard to the war on terror.

Preemption

This doctrine is centered around the attempt to repel or defeat a perceived imminent offensive or invasion. The aim is to gain a strategic advantage in an impending (allegedly unavoidable) conflict shortly before it materializes into a crisis. Its principles include unilateralism and the use of preventative war.

b)

it created free trade throughout the colonial territories.