Which of these people groups first developed complex society in the region identified in the map? a) aryans b) sumerians c) egyptians d) assyrians

Geographical location: The region in the map is called Mesopotamia, a word that comes from the Greek language, that means "between two rivers". Those two rivers are the Tigris and the Euphrates and the land was known as 'Al-Jazirah' (the island) or the Fertile Crescent, because over centuries, the flood pulse of the Euphrates and Tigris left the southern plains of the richest soil in the Near East. This region today corresponds mostly to Irak, but also to Syria, Turkey, Kuwait, and Iran.

First civilization in Mesopotamia: Starting from 4000 BCE, the Sumerians organized themselves into several city-states that were spread across the southern part of Mesopotamia, in Western Asia. These city-states, like Eridu, Uruk, Ur, Larsa, Isin, Adab, Kullah, Lagash, Nippur, and Kish, were independent of one another and were fully autonomous centers, each surrounding a temple that was dedicated to god or goddess specific to that city-state. Each city-state was governed by a priest-king.

The correct answer is B. Sumerians.

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