What is the purpose of debates in the federal legislative process ? a. to place pressure on the president to sign a bill that congress has passed b. to allow supporters and opponents of a bill to state their cases c. to determine which committee should review a proposed bill d. to set the procedural rules for voting on a bill

To allow supporters and opponents of a bill to state their cases

B. To allow supporters and opponents of a bill to state their cases

Explanation:

At the point when the bill  reaches in the House, there starts the discussion on it. The motivation behind the discussion is to examine the bill in length and in accordingly we see either the individuals sent the bill for amendment, urge passage or defeat the bill. So the representatives debate the bill so as to expand the proficiency of the process.

your list doesn't mention any of them at all.

and what does "these" mean anyway ?

i think it was   tsar alexander ii