By criticizing it the party that is in power, the party that is out of power serves a . a. watchdog b. incumbent c. single-party d. bonding agent

i think its a hope this

the answer is a

their confiscation of contraband and the sinking if the lusitania

the doctrine of nullification recommended that states living inside the union have the one-sided, inalienable ideal to void any law made by the national government that could be esteemed illegal.

the united states was shaped based on a general agreement among its individual states. hence, it is inferred that under the hypothesis of invalidation, since the states are the establishment of the union, they have the ability to referee and disprove unlawful laws.