Hich early president passed the unpopular alien & sedition acts, which restricted people speaking out against the government and allowed him to deport foreigners?

The correct answer is President John Adams who signed it into law in 1798.

The unpopular Alien & Sedition Acts were passed by President Adams. The Federalist Congress that passed the Law argued at the time that these Acts strengthened national security in a time in which  a state of almost war existed between the USA and France.

to reform the distraught soviet union, the democratization of the communist party was promoted through party secretary mikhail gorbachev's policies of “perestroika” and “glasnost.” perestroika refers to the reconstruction of the political and economic system established by the communist party.