The east and west african expansion of trade under the impact of islam may have also indirectly led to a in the interior of africa

The East and West African expansion of trade under the impact of Islam may have also indirectly led to a population increase in the interior of Africa.

Apart from the emergence of new administrative systems and new Islamic schools, the expansion of trade under Islam in East and West Africa also led to an increase in the population in these regions. With the spread of Islam, the slave trade also increased, bringing thousands of slaves to these lands.

it would be

polling is a process and the outcome is not involved in the process itself.

the outcome, which is an unfavorable rating for a particular candidate is not affected by the mechanical process of polling.

it rather depends on the number of people voting in favor of the candidate.

this is an outcome of people's preferences.