What was the goal of operation torch? a) to defeat the german forces in italy b) for allied forces to reclaim north africa c) to divert nazi forces from the soviet front d) for allied forces to gain a foothold in france

The middle east had been subjected to attacks from outside the middle east in ancient, medieval, and modern times. which of the following invasions by outside forces came last in the period of written middle east history before 1300 a.d.?