Federalists believed in the separation of powers because they wanted

They didn't want another tyranny A.K.A they didn't want too much power in one branch

s the president shall be commander in chief of the army and navy of the united states, and of the militia of the several states, when called into the actual service of the united states; he may require the opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive departments. sooo yeahhh

explanation:

ayatollah khomeini can best be described as the leader who declared iran to be an islamic republic.