History, 28.06.2019 19:00 2000834

For each part of the nervous system listed below, write about how it functions and give an example of how it functions in everyday life. peripheral nervous system central nervous system autonomic nervous system somatic nervous system sympathetic nervous system parasympathetic nervous system

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The Central Nervous System is composed by the encephalon and the spinal cord, transmiting and recieving information from the whole organism. When a person uses her senses (hearing, touching, seeing and so forth) for example, the Central Nervous System is activated.The Peripheral Nervous System has the purpose of connecting the central nervous system to other parts of the body. It's composed by ganglia and nerves until it reaches terminal organs. To move a hand, for example, the person needs that the Central Nervous System sends the information that will travel through the Peripheral Nervous System so then the hand will move.The Peripheral Nervous System is composed of the Autonomic Nervous System and the Somatic Nervous System. The Autonomic Nervous System is the one responsible for the functioning of the areas with subconscious functions (those that don't have an explicit control from the person, just reflexes, acting in the smooth muscles, cardiac muscles and glands) for example, the blood pressure. The Somatic Nervous System is responsible for the areas with voluntary movement, acting in the striated muscles, like for example, moving a hand.The Autonomic Nervous Systems is also divided in two parts, Simpathetic Nervous System and Parasympathetic Nervous System. These systems usually act in opposing ways, with some exceptions, like the salivary glands in which both act, nevertheless they always act in coordination. Parasympathetic actions are usually located in a specifc organ, while the Sympathetic has a more broad scope of action, reaching more organs. One example of the action of both is the acceleration/slowdown of the cardiac rhythm, when the Sympathetic acts accelerating the rhythm, the Parasympathetic slows this rhythm down.

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