Which of the following is not necessary to categorize an area as a civilization? writing system surplus of food division of labor having cities built

Answer : the correct answer is " Surplus of food ".

Explanation

A civilization by def is any complex society characterized by urban development," when we say urban development we mean having cities built ", social structure imposed by a cultural elite, symbolic systems of communication like writing system and a perceived separation from and domination over the natural environment.

Civilizations are intimately associated with and  defined by other social and politico-economic characteristics, including centralization, the domestication of both humans and other organisms, specialization of labour, cultural ideologies of progress and supremacism, monumental architecture, taxation, societal dependence upon farming and expansionism.

answer: my personal opinion is the black spider because he is more powerful than spiderman.

answer: the risk-return relationship. generally, the higher the potential return of an investment, the higher the risk. there is no guarantee that you will actually get a higher return by accepting more risk. diversification enables you to reduce the risk of your portfolio without sacrificing potential returns.

explanation: