Which of these contributed to the formation of mass culture in the united states in the late 1800s? improvements made in the steel industry widespread growth of publishing increased number of immigrants entering the country increased use of public transportation systems

The correct answer is B) widespread growth of publishing.

What contributed to the formation of mass culture in the United States in the late 1800s was the widespread growth of publishing.

In the 1800s, it was not easy for the people to be informed. People used to know about something in public events, in Church or friends and family conversations. Newspapers and magazines were just a few and not all could read.  

But at the late 1800s, and with the growth and spread of mass communication, the information circulated more rapidly and there was more and more news to share. So, what contributed to the formation of mass culture in the United States in the late 1800s was the widespread growth of publishing.  

the hereditary right of a monarch to rule from the mandate of heaven

i think it is the byzantine empire