Identify possible solutions to the ethinic conflicts in bosnia and kosovo and predict for the consequences of these solutions

three basic principles are dominance, reciprocity and identity. dominance- power hierarchy, hegemon; a principle for solving collective goods problems by imposing solutions hierarchically  

reciprocity- rewards and punishments in response to behavior of others (at core of international relations, basis of IR norms - most actors overestimate their own actions, perception of fairness); a response in kind to another's actions; a strategy of reciprocity uses positive forms of leverage to promise rewards and negative forms of leverage to threaten punishment.  

identity-investment in outcomes for other members of your community; willingness to sacrifice; a principle for solving collective goods problems by changing participants' preferences based on their shared sense of belonging to a community.

separation of powers, therefore, refers to the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch from exercising the core functions of another.   the intent is to prevent the concentration of power and provide for checks and balances.  

the traditional characterizations of the powers of the branches of american government are:

* the legislative branch is responsible for enacting the laws of the state and appropriating the money necessary to operate the government.

* the executive branch is responsible for implementing and administering the public policy enacted and funded by the legislative branch.

* the judicial branch is responsible for interpreting the constitution and laws and applying their interpretations to controversies brought before it.

forty state constitutions specify that government be divided into three branches:   legislative, executive and judicial.   california illustrates this approach; "the powers of state government are legislative, executive, and judicial.   persons charged with the exercise of one power may not exercise either of the others except as permitted by this constitution."

while separation of powers is key to the workings of american government, no democratic system exists with an absolute separation of powers or an absolute lack of separation of powers. governmental powers and responsibilities intentionally overlap; they are too complex and interrelated to be neatly compartmentalized. as a result, there is an inherent measure of competition and conflict

minnesota:   minnesota house research,   separation of powers: when statutes and court rules conflict, 2005

confedracy

supported slavery

upheld the supremacy of federal laws

believed states should be able to nullify federal laws

union

wanted to abolish slavery

supported high tariffs

upheld the supremacy of federal laws