Cause and effect relationships exist throughout history. a political cause of imperialism in africa was the desire of european countries to have the largest and strong empires. what was the effect of this in africa?

Began during presidency of john q. adams tariff of 1828 and 1832 states’ rights versus federal authority john c. calhoun’s ‘proclamation to the people of south carolina’ concluded during the presidency of andrew jackson is which event are these characteristics describing