One of the first major controversies to affect the new nation under the constitution revolved around

a. abolishing the supreme court.

b. acquiring public land.

c. implementing an income tax.

d. creating a national bank.

e. funding a standing army.

d. Creating a National bank. There were very heated arguments between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson over whether or not it should be established. In the end it was settled on creating the national bank. Hope this helped!

east-west schism. the greatest effect of the east-west schism was the creation of two separate churches that had previously been unified under one church, the eastern orthodox church and the roman catholic church.