Explain nationalism. what were the affects on new nations, such as italy and germany?

Nationalism is more than patriottism. It is loving your country and make it better, having priority for it. Also, nationalism in Italy helped italians to unite the country and stop the Austrian domination. In Germany, it helped unifying the country and expand the country (wars etc.). This is why Germany started two World Wars and why they promoted pan-germanism (reunite all german people in one nation) and colonialism.

congress was not thoroughly prohibiting states from funding religious schools.

lincoln presided over the union victory in the american civil war, which dominated his presidency. a former whig, lincoln ran on a political platform opposed to the expansion of slavery in the territories. his election served as the immediate impetus for the outbreak of the american civil war.