Why was china divided into multiple spheres of influence during the mid-nineteenth century

Which of following most accurately describes china today?

How did the catholic church change as a result of the council of trent? a. catholic printers were encouraged to publish translations of the bible in common languages b. members of the catholic clergy were required to avoid luxurious lifestyles c. catholics were told they could earn salvation through god’s grace alone d. european catholics were barred from initiating any conflict with protestants.

How much was the ottoman government constrained by the shari'a