How might europe be different if the black plague never occurred

Why is ivan iv known as “ivan the terrible”?

The revolutions in latin america in the 19th century resulted in political independence from europe the end of slavery in each country the establishment of stable democracies social and economic equality for all

Which of the following led to a continuation of the treatment in the excerpt above? a)the brutality of the trans-atlantic african slave trade. b)spanish repression after violent native uprisings in new spain during the 16th century. c)european competition to quickly establish colonial holdings in the new world. d)the reliance of the spanish on native americans to provide labor under the encomienda system.