Whose invention bring a transformation from manual labor to a reliance on machinery?

steam powered engine

Explanation:

The Industrial Revolution was prompted by an invention that enabled the manual labor to be replaced with machinery. This invention was the steam powered engine. This engine enabled the machinery to be able to perform work, and not just to perform it, but to be much quicker, cheaper, and more efficient than the manual labor. The new invention of course needed human assistance as it was not able to work on its own, but it managed to improve and significantly speed up the manufacturing process, resulting in an economic boom and further development.

might be agreeing to participate ethically with other european nations in the slave trade

or notifying other european nations when taking possession   of african territories

d.

the northwest territory became the most densely populated area in the u.s.