Why did the economic reform movements develop in the late 1800s?

It starts off with people who were upset with the economy and the government's actions. These people can start petitions, rebellions, and other protests. Together of all these rebellions are economic reform movements.

Tenochtitlán was the capital of the aztec empire. it was a busy and bustling city where“there are daily more than 60,000 souls, buying and selling, and where are found all the kinds of merchandise produced in these countries.” when cortes arrived in 1519, theenormity of the trading market and the smoothness of it’s running both surprised and  impressed him.