The u. s. constitution defines citizens as: "all persons born or in the united states, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the united states and of the state wherein they reside."

naturalized

Explanation:

According to the 14th Amendment all persons who are born or naturalized are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.

This Amendment was adopted in 1968, which was just the continuity of original Constitution of 1789, which already discussed about the question of citizenship.

b.

jim crow laws were enacted in northern states.

he did it to save us from our sins, so we can see him in heaven 1 day. it's because he loves us so much. he used himself as the final sacrifice, so that we could be forgiven for our sins, so that we can see him in heaven, if we believe.