Which of the following statements best reflects the chinese presence in manila?
a. the chinese were embraced by spanish officials, with some rising to important offices within the colonial administration and the catholic church.
b. the relationship between chinese residents and spanish officials was stormy, until the chinese population as a community embraced the catholic faith in 1603.
c. the relationship between chinese residents and spanish officials was a stormy one, with periodic chinese revolts against spanish discriminatory treatment leading to expulsions and massacres.
d. it was small, numbering just a few thousand, but essential for the success of the colony because these chinese merchants provided crucial trading links with china and japan.

Option C.

Explanation:

The relationship between Chinese residents and Spanish officials was a stormy one, with periodic Chinese revolts against Spanish discriminatory treatment leading to expulsions and massacres, is the right answer.

Throughout the colonial period of Spain in the Philippines, there were many uprisings against the Spanish provincial administration by native Chinese (Sangleys), Moro, Indians and Lumad, usually with the aim of re-establishing the advantages and endowments that had traditionally associated to  Moro Datus,  Maginoo Rajah and Lumad Timueys. However, one of the most important reasons why Chinese revolted against the Spanish was the discriminatory policy of Spanish settlers.

the progressive era is a period of widespread social activism and political reform across the united states that spanned from the 1890s to the 1920s.[1] the main objectives of the progressive movement were eliminating problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, immigration, and political corruption.

the movement primarily targeted political machines and their bosses. by taking down these corrupt representatives in office, a further means of direct democracy would be established. they also sought regulation of monopolies (trust busting) and corporations through antitrust laws, which were seen as a way to promote equal competition for the advantage of legitimate competitors.

many progressives supported prohibition of alcoholic beverages, ostensibly to destroy the political power of local bosses based in saloons, but others out of a religious motivation. at the same time, women's suffrage was promoted to bring a "purer" female vote into the arena.a third theme was building an efficiency movement in every sector that could identify old ways that needed modernizing, and bring to bear scientific, medical and engineering solutions; a key part of the efficiency movement was scientific management, or "taylorism".

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