How did the united states gain sovereignty over puerto rico?
a by forcing spain to cede puerto rico after the spanish-american war
b
y purchasing puerto rico from spain under the provisions of the treaty of paris of 1894
by overthrowing the puerto rican monarchy and formally annexing the territory
d. by defeating mexican forces in puerto rico during the u. s.-mexican war

A By forcing Spain to cede Puerto Rico after the Spanish-American War

Explanation:

On November 25, 1897, the Government of Madrid recognized the autonomy of the island, whereby Puerto Rico ceased to exist as a colony. Instead, it became the overseas autonomous province of Spain exactly on par with other Spanish provinces. The Puerto Ricans thus became Spanish nationals and allowed Puerto Rico to have full representation before the Spanish courts in Madrid. The following year, Spain was forced to cede the island to the United States after its defeat in the Spanish-American War.

the two things that develop a strong social foundation are: a. separation of church and states e. education received attention separation of church and states separate the illogical  argument that came from religious beliefs to a fact based belief. while education will make us remember the past to avoid the repeat of our mistakes.