What do some historians believe led to spain’s defeat? read the “recent research”
section.

Spanish Armada defeated. Off the coast of Gravelines, France, Spain's so-called “Invincible Armada” is defeated by an English naval force under the command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake. ... Its hopes of invasion crushed, the remnants of the Spanish Armada began a long and difficult journey back to Spain.

Explanation:

utilized the penal colony

the correct answer is: the fact that the anti-federalist papers were considered poorly written.