What is a common element in federal criminal cases but not necessarily in civil
cases?

a. private lawyers are always the plaintiff in a criminal case.

b. private citizens are rarely the defendant in a criminal case.

c. the federal government is always the defendant.

d. the federal government is always the plaintiff.

D. The federal government is always the plaintiff.

Explanation:

In federal criminal cases, only the government is allowed to commence a criminal case, through the Attorney’s office, working in close ties with the appropriate law enforcement.

The main actors of a federal criminal case are the grand jury and the prosecutor. The attorney or the prosecutor represents the government in court proceedings and prosecutions.

The Jury then reviews the evidence shown by the attorney and makes a decision.

(D) The federal government is always the plaintiff.

Explanation:

The parties in a case are known as the plaintiff party, who brings the complaint, and the defendant. In a case, an examiner from the head prosecutor's office, speaking to the state or national government, brings criminal allegations.

Civil cases consistently include at any rate one gathering making claims against another or various parties. The individual sues for cash or some other cure that doesn't send the other party to prison. Cases looking for divorces, building up responsibility for the property, or looking for an order are altogether incorporated into the group of typical situations. Little claims are one sort of common cause.

b) he seized power from the directory and appointed himself emperor

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wait history, who want to talk about history, boring.