Which was not a cause of modernization in western europe? a) competition among nations for resources and power b) factory machinery producing more than manual labor c) an abundance of money to increase wages for european workers d) a need for faster forms of transportation to transport resources

C. an abundance of money to increase wages for European workers

Explanation:  European modernization caused skilled laborers to be of less us and subsequently drove factory wages down as machines replaced much of what had to be done by hand in the past.

a big one is

to appoint and regulate officers of the land and naval forces,

which caused much controversy ending the articles