What factors in the middle colonies produced a thriving middle class

though africans landed with few possessions, they carried their cultures, skills, and spiritual worldviews into the americas. wherever african religions took root in the new world, africans and their descendants changed and adapted their belief systems to local circumstances and influences. individual circumstances created variations in the way people practiced their faiths, what they believed, and what significance it held for their lives.

explanation:

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islamic religious leaders have traditionally been people who, as part of the clerisy, mosque, or government, performed a prominent role within their community or nation. however, in the modern contexts of muslims minorities in non-muslim countries as well as secularised muslim states like turkey, indonesia and bangladesh, religious leadership may take a variety of non-formal shapes.

compared to religious leaders/clerics of the other abrahamic faiths, islamic clergy are said to resemble rabbis and not priests. unlike catholic priests they do not "serve as intermediaries between mankind and god",[1] have "process of ordination",[2] or "sacramental functions",[1] but instead serve as "exemplars, teachers, judges, and community leaders," providing religious rules to the pious on "even the most minor and private" matters.[1]