In western europe which development was a cause of the other three

What has been the dominant migration pattern of western Europe? ... Indo-European languages spoken in western Europe include German, French, and Dutch.

Explanation:

frederick william of brandenburg-prussia trained his son, frederick, to be a hardy soldier. but frederick disliked rifle shooting and horseback riding. unlike his father, he was interested in french literature. he enjoyed poetry and music and, like some others of the enlightenment, he scoffed at religion. his father thought him soft, frivolous and unmindful of his duties. and when frederick refused to put his signature on a right to succession, for a few moments his father strangled him.