What term do historians use when they discuss the relationship between two events in which one is the direct result of another?

The term historians use when they discuss the relationship between two events in which one is the direct result of another is causation.

Historians may employ the concept of causation in a wide range of ways, each of which is linked with different historiographical claims and different kinds of argumentation.

Through this application, it will be clear that historical narratives are  causal, and that micro-history can be seen as a response to a very specific (causal) problem of Braudelian macro-history.