Italy was not unified during the renaissance. it was divided into many city states and small countries.

In this period, which we call the Early Renaissance, Florence is not a city in the unified country of Italy, as it is now. Instead, Italy was divided into many city-states (Florence, Milan, Venice etc.), each with their own government (some were ruled by despots, and others were republics).

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The description given in the above question is true.

Explanation:

Italy during the Renaissance period was not as unified as one nation. Renaissance was a period which tried to break from the medieval period and gave rise to individualism and humanism. Before Italy became a nation, it divided into small city-states which had its ruler. Italians identified with their local regions such as Florence and Rome. Florence, Venice, Milan, Naples, and Rome were some of the wealthiest city-states during the Renaissance period. It was during the 1800s when a sense of nationalism was emerging among the people who wanted to unify city-state as one.

the name of the theory is landmass theory.