How did most northerns view the institution of slavery by the 1840s?

question 1 options:

political institution

intellectual institution

moral institution

evil institution

question 2 (10 points)
saved
what did northerns believe encouraged hard work and creativity?

education

question 2 options:

slave labor system

free labor system

arts

education

question 3 (10 points)
what would have the wilmot proviso have banned if it passed into law?

question 3 options:

slavery in the northern states

slavery in the southern states

slavery in territories acquired (gained) from mexico

slavery in all states and territories of the us

question 4 (10 points)
what were the provisions of the fugitive slave act passed under the compromise of 1850?

question 4 options:

denied runaway slaves’ trials by jury

required law enforcement to assist in the arrest and recovery of runaway slaves

established fines for refusing to in the arrest or recovery and for aiding runaway slaves

all of the above

question 5 (10 points)
how did the south react to harriet beecher stowe’s novel, uncle tom’s cabin?

question 5 options:

outraged and accused her of exaggerating the brutality of the slave labor system

delighted by her accurate and family-based portrayal of the slave labor system

n/a

n/a

The northern soil and climate favored smaller farmsteads rather than large plantations. Industry flourished, fueled by more abundant natural resources than in the South, and many large cities were established (New York was the largest city with more than 800,000 inhabitants). By 1860, one quarter of all Northerners lived in urban areas.

Between 1800 and 1860, the percentage of laborers working in agricultural pursuits dropped drastically from 70% to only 40%. Slavery had died out, replaced in the cities and factories by immigrant labor from Europe. In fact an overwhelming majority of immigrants, seven out of every eight, settled in the North rather than the South. Transportation was easier in the North, which boasted more than two-thirds of the railroad tracks in the country and the economy was on an upswing.

Explanation:

The Civil War began on April 12, 1861, when South Carolina troops fired on the federal Fort Sumter in Charleston. That momentous event, however, was but one important milestone in the conflict over slavery in America. It is probably safe to say that the struggle began in 1619 when the first slaves were offloaded from a Spanish ship in the Jamestown, Virginia colony.

The fate of those early slaves remains obscure, but we do know that within 50 years, permanent lifetime slavery for African-Americans brought to America was established. Protests against slavery began in the late 1600s when the Quaker church condemned slavery, yet the practice continued through the American Revolution.

After 1776, as many of the states considered the meaning of Jefferson's words that “all men are created equal,” however, the elimination of slavery began in the North. Slavery was also prohibited in territories belonging to the new nation under the Northwest Ordinance of 1787.

After 1800 the cotton economy in the South gave new life to the institution of slavery as slave labor became ever more valuable. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 up held the balance between slave states and free states while prohibiting slavery north of the 36°30' parallel.

That compromise limited debate at the national level for 30 years. By 1830, however, the growing abolitionist movement gave pause to defenders of slavery in the southern states, and they sought ways to inhibit the federal power to outlaw the practice.

The nullification crisis of 1832, ostensibly over tariffs, had a hidden agenda, namely, the ability of states to nullify federal laws that might be applied to slavery. When the tariff effort failed, it became apparent that the next logical defensive measure would be secession.

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