The turkish peoples

a. were a single, homogeneous group.
b. established a tightly structured centralized government.
c. abandoned their urban existence because of disease and economic pressures. spread islam to southwest asia.
d. never formed a single, homogeneous group.

The Turkish people d. never formed a single, homogeneous group.

Explanation:

The people living in the Turkey are known as Turkish people or Anatolian Turks. Turkish is the widely spoken language in Turkey. The earliest religion of the Turkish peoples was Shamanistic.

Turkish people never formed a single, homogeneous group. Turkic ethnic groups are found mainly in Middle East. Islam was the major religion practiced in Turkey.

Turkey people follow the culture that is derived from cultures of the Eastern Mediterranean, Central Asian region, Eastern European and Caucasian traditions.

i think the answer is c, rivers.

explanation:

sometimes, borders fall along natural boundaries like rivers or mountain ranges. for example, the boundary between france and spain follows the crest of the pyrenees mountains. for part of its length, the boundary between the united states and mexico follows a river called the rio grande. the borders of four countries divide africa’s lake chad: niger, chad, cameroon, and nigeria.