Which of the following gave europeans an advantage in their encounters with people in asia, africa, and oceania during the second half of the nineteenth century? a) the rich supply of gold and diamonds in european countries
b) the unity and consensus among all the european states
c) european immunity to all the world's major diseases
d) european superiority in military organization and discipline

D) European superiority in military organization and discipline

Explanation:

Europa was facing Nationalism in the 19th century, which created a sense of unity, identity, and organization, giving to them military superiority in comparison to Asia, Africa, and Oceania. Another important point is the isolation of these locations, or the social and military fragility of some (Asia and Africa, for example). Then, European superiority was strongly based on Nationalism and Unity, different from the others which were almost primitive such as Oceania populations, or was always struggling with wars and political coup d'etat.

angel island immigration station was an immigration station located in san francisco bay which worked from 1910 to 1940. the majority of immigrants that got there were from the asian hemisphere, specifically from china, japan, russia, and south asia, being china the country from where more people arrived.

the number of foreigners arriving at it took the attention of americans who feared the new arrivals would take their jobs. the work opportunities were not abundant due to the economic comedown of 1870 and the asians, as newcomers, were willing to work for cheaper wages. soon they started to be seen as a threat, which led to an increased discrimination against the chinese - the biggest ethnicity arrived at this station until 1915 when japanese immigrants outnumbered them - being considered as unsuitable americans hence their looks and social situation.

at the station, the immigrant's detention may vary depending on how long the interrogation process took: it could be weeks, months, or even years.

finally, in 1940 an explosion destroyed administration building located on the island, so the united states government decided to stop the process.