By what means did the U. S. government, including the CIA, fight the Cold War around the world?

it means that US governments, each in its own way and in different historical contexts, applied containment doctrine in its worldwide politics. This is true even in times of so-called "détente" (relaxation in international affairs promoted by Nixon, Kissinger, Brezhnev).

Explanation: it means that Cold War (1947-1989) forms one consistent era, historical period. Of course, it can be subdivided in various phases but containment doctrine can be understood as a basic paradigm or frame of reference of American (Western) international policy.

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