The author mentioned that an Englishman, William Perkins, accidently discovered an artificial dye but Britian did not capitalize on this discovery. As a consequence Britain lost out on being a leader in which important 20th century technology?

The pharmaceutical industry

Explanation:

While attempting to produce quinine, the young William Henry Perkin discovered mauve, the first synthetic dye. He then found that the yellow dye flavine killed the germs responsible for abscesses; this led to the development of a wide range of useful drugs, all derived from chemicals found in coal tar.

the hyksos invasion. the hyksos were able to attack egypt successfully because of their skills in using bronze weapons, composite bows and the use of the horse and chariot during the invasion. although the egyptians depict a barbarian-type overthrow, the truth is the seizure was likely a relatively peaceful one.

c.) biotic: snails; abiotic: temperature climate