Document 2: A Secondary Source
The Industrial Revolution began in England in the 1700s. England was already a growing commercial society. Its mechanics, artisans, and engineers were increasingly aware of mechanical principles arising out of the scientific revolution of the 17th century. Its laws
protected private property and commercial activity. Above all, approval of innovation and entrepreneurial effort came to dominate social and political attitudes. Invention, inventors, and middle class entrepreneurs were seen positively and encouraged in many new ways.
Then in the late 1700s, a series of inventions in textile manufacturing in England vastly increased the speed at which cotton could be spun into yarn, and the yarn woven into fabric. In 1733, John Kay invented the flying shuttle for looms, making it possible to weave yarn into cloth at a much faster rate. In 1765, James Hargreaves's spinning jenny increased yarn production to keep pace with faster weaving output due to the flying shuttle. A few years later, Richard Arkwright developed his spinning frame powered by a waterwheel, making factory textile production more profitable. Fifteen years later, Edmund Cartwright's power loom produced textiles faster than hand-powered looms. Textile production soon moved from small shops and homes to factories where the new machinery could be housed. At the same time, English inventors such as Thomas Newcomen and James Watt perfected the coal powered steam engine. It produced far more mechanical energy than could human or animal muscle power, or even waterwheels and windmills. Soon, steam power and textile production transformed England into the world's first truly industrial nation.

How does Document 2 add to your understanding of the importance of Cartwright's invention in the broader history of the Industrial Revolution? Cite details from Document 2 to support your answer.