Explain the historical circumstances that led to the revolutions in Latin America. [1]

In Latin America there were two major revolutionary waves. The first in takes place in context of Napoleonian wars. In fact fact it is French revolution and its Napoleonian aftermath that triggers revolutionary wave in Latin America and the result of this wave is 1) political independence on European metropolis, 2) Latinamerican constitutionalism, 3) definition of mutual frontiers. The second wave takes place in the first half of the 20th century in the context of A) questioning of liberalism and increasing popularity of authoritarian state and B) modernization. This wave is connected with authoritarian populism.

Explanation: First wave takes place in the spirit of Enlightenment and its ideas. The second wave is completely different. Mexican liberalism associated with Benito Juarez (1860s) was finally eliminated by the dictatorship of Porfyrio Diaz (turn of the 19th and 20th century), in Brazil republic is proclaimed in 1889 but its beginning is very authoritarian (president Fonseca and Peixoto are soldiers), and in 1930 anti-constitutional coup takes place to introduce populist, authoritarian and modernist era represented by Getulio Vargas. However, much modernization took place at that time.

basic principles: federalism, separation of powers, checks and balances, judicial review, representative democracy, limited government, rule of law, individual rights and responsibilities, consent of the governed, majority rule, popular sovereignty, equal protection.

the correct answer is:   the domino theory states that if one country in a region came under the influence of communism, then the surrounding countries would follow in a domino effect.