What is one of the far-reaching effects that the European conquistadores add on the people of Mesoamerica and South America?

Colonization I guess

Explanation:

Now im good at history but not good at this certain time period so ima give it my best shot. The far reaching effects were the Spanish Empire / Iberian Union ( depending on the time period ) was able to largely spread it's influence over seas, but it also had a down fall. For instance, the Conquistadores may have expanded into the Aztecs and stuff but like that just made every other tribal nation not only fear but hate the Spanish. Also, not all of them were loyal and some of them went into deeper into brazil and just wanted to settle there and I guess not fight for the Spanish Crown. Therefore, this is the far reaching effcts