The ideas of which famous political thinker are described below?

the primary purpose of the state is to protect the rights of the citizen.
no government can exist without the consent of the governed.
believed a system of checks and balances was necessary in government.

a. alexis de tocqueville.
b. john locke.
c. john stuart mill.
d. thomas hobbes

The famous political thinker whose ideas are described below is John Locke. John Locke (29 August 1632 – 28 October 1704) was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "Father of Liberalism". The correct answer between all the choices given is the second choice or letter B. I am hoping that this answer has satisfied your query and it will be able to help you in your endeavor, and if you would like, feel free to ask another question.

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts