How did Africa’s geography discourage trade by water

Which of the following is an example of the pull factor known as economic migration? a. better educational opportunities pulling people towards a new country b. mexican laborers entering the us to work in agricultural jobs c. joining family members that are already in a new country d. crop failures driving people away from their country i am unsure on this question, i was thinking b? but i could be wrong.

James ll caused problems during his reign because his religion was: protestant lutheran catholic

Which physical feature minimizes population density in northern africa?