What does all the "dead plant and animal stuff"
turn into after millions of years?

fossil fuels.

Explanation:

Fossil Fuels (coal, natural gas, and petroleum) were formed from plants and animals that lived and died millions of years ago are called "Fossil Fuels" because they were made from plants and animals that lived during geologic periods millions of years ago.

the punishment for breaking the law would depend on the conditions or the seriousness of the law being broken, if he or she breaks the law while doing some great discovery or invention then it would classify as a scientific fraud. there are other words to describe the crime but scientific fraud would be the harshest one.

answer; a farmer who refuses to fight in his country's army;