"I have already intimated to you the danger of parties in the State, with particular reference to the founding of them on geographical discriminations. Let me now take a more comprehensive view, and warn you in the most solemn manner against the baneful effects of the spirit of party generally."

—George Washington

What is this message warning about, which American leaders ignored?

a) partaking in foreign conflicts
b) the creation of political parties
c) establishing a two-term presidency
d) the establishment of a national bank

the answer is b.2008 and 2012 were presidential election years.

cuban communists pressured the soviet union to place missiles in cuba.

in mcculloch v. maryland (1819) the supreme court ruled that congress had implied powers under the necessary and proper clause of article i, section 8 of the constitution to create the second bank of the united states and that the state of maryland lacked the power to tax the bank.

gibbons v. ogden, (1824), was a landmark decision in which the supreme court of the united states held that the power to regulate interstate commerce, granted to congress by the commerce clause of the united states constitution, encompassed the power to regulate navigation.

i dont have that book