1. What was Gandhi doing in Johannesburg, South Africa in 1908?
2. What might explain why Gandhi asked the Magistrate (judge) to give him a heavy penalty?
3. During his lifetime, how many days did Gandhi spend in jail?
4. Explain how Gandhi could use personal time in jail as an effective way to bring about nonviolent
change in India. Consider its effect on followers, on opponents, and on world opinion.

Gandhi was in South Africa as an activist in the movement for the rights of the  Indians there.

Explanation:

Gandhi was a practitioner lawyer who had studied in England.

1. From thereon he went to South Africa and spent a few years there rallying people to the cause of non violent protest against the British.

2. Gandhi asked the magistrate to increase his sentence because his fellow protesters were getting sentenced for more and he did not want to get away with less than them.

3. Gandhi would spend close to a decade in prison during various times in the freedom movement and use that time for writing and formulating his doctrine.

He has an enormous corpus of writing.

4. He could use personal time in jail to formulate these strategies of non violent protest and satyagrah that have been relevant since

the fact that could also be added to column b is that during world war ii, specifically between the years 1941 and 1945, japan expanded its territory towards the indonesian territory in what was known later as part of the "pacific war". in that time, japan could conquer the philipines, singapore,   borneo, central java, malang, cebu, sumatra and various other islands of the area, therefore expanding its territory for a brief period of time.