Cell phones are a constant distraction in the academic classroom.
Cell phones can be useful in classes that require significant amounts of silent work:
art or creative writing classes, for
example.
Cell phones can even improve retention with music as a memory aid.
Cell phones create anti-social behavior preventing the development of the art of
conversation.
Cell phones prevent walker or runners from hearing danger approaching.
Which one are claims and which are counter claims?

"the plan of removing the aboriginal people who yet remain within the settled portions of the united states . . approaches its consummation. . an extensive region . . has been assigned for their permanent residence. it has been divided into districts and allotted among them. many have already removed and others are preparing to go. . " removal of southern indians to indian territory, 1835 this passage is most closely related to a) imperialism. b) the civil war. c) westward expansion. d) the french indian war.