Cell phones . . . include coltan, a mineral extracted in the deep forests of Congo in central Africa, home to the world's endangered lowland gorillas.

Fueled by the worldwide cell phone boom, Congo's out-of-control coltan mining business has in recent years led to a dramatic reduction of animal habitat and the rampant slaughter of great apes for the illegal bush-meat trade.

"Most people don't know that there's a connection between this metal in their cell phones and the well-being of wildlife in the area where it's mined," said Karen Killmar, the associate curator of mammals at the San Diego Zoo.

"Recycling old cell phones is a way for people to do something very simple that could reduce the need for additional coltan . . . and help protect the gorillas," she said.

–"Can Cell-Phone Recycling Help African
Gorillas?,"
Stefan Lovgren

According to this passage, how do cell phones endanger lowland gorillas?

Extracting raw materials to make cell phones damages the gorillas’ habitat.
Factories that manufacture cell phones create waste that pollutes the gorillas’ habitat.
Clearing land for cell phone factories displaces gorillas from their land.
Trucks that distribute cell phones drive through the gorillas’ habitat.