Explain the historical circumstances that led to Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini’s return from exile in 1979

In January 1979, the shah's government collapsed and he and his family fled into exile. On 1 February, Khomeini returned to Iran in triumph. There was a national referendum and Khomeini won a landslide victory. He declared an Islamic republic and was appointed Iran's political and religious leader for life.

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