The primary cause of the first Persian Gulf War (Operation Desert Shield/ Storm) was

The primary cause of the first Persian Gulf War

Explanation:

The gulf war was caused by Saddam Husseins (Iraqi leader) aggression and attempts to capture the oil rich nation of Kuwait

pan-africanism or pan-africanism is a political, philosophical, cultural and social movement that promotes african twinning, the defense of the rights of african people and the unity of africa under a single sovereign state, for all africans, both africa as of the african diasporas.