11. Rousseau wrote, The social pact includes this engagement that whoever refused to obey the
general will shall be constrained to do so by the whole body. What does this statement mean (Hint: think
about which theory Rousseau supports and what it means)?
12. Hobbes wrote, During the time men live without a common power to keep them all in awe, they are in a
condition which is called war. He describes this as the state of nature. Why does Hobbes say people need a
social contract?
13. Locke says, reason, which is that law, teaches all mankind, that being all equal and independent, no one
ought to harm another in life, liberty or possessions Men living together according to reason, without a
common superior on earth is properly the state of nature. In this quote, Locke is describing his theory.
What is his theory and what does it mean?
14. Montesquieu wrote When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person, or in the
same body of magistrates, there can be no liberty Again, there is no liberty if the judiciary power be not
separated from the legislative and executive. What theory does this describe and what does it mean?
15. Which philosopher do you believe made the most important contribution to our government? You must
include the philosopher AND his political philosophy in your answer. Support your answer by explaining the
political philosophy and why you think it is important.