13 By 1921 the Bolsheviks had consolidated their power. (a) In what ways did the Petrograd Soviet undermine the Provisional
Government? [4]
(b) Why was it necessary to introduce the New Economic Policy (NEP) in
1921? [6]
(c) 'The Bolsheviks won the Civil War because of the Red Army.' How far
do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. [10]

b) a state law could be declared illegal if it contradicted the constitution.

explanation:

the conflict of this case originated when james w. mcculloch, a cashier of the baltimore branch of the second bank of the united states that the congress had chartered in 1816, refused to pay a tax imposed by the maryland state.

in the case, the state of maryland appealed that the establishment of a second bank was unconstitutional since the constitution didn't say anything about granting that power to congress. however, the case determined that even if such right wasn't specifically stated in the constitution, it was part of the "implied powers" of the government enunciated in article i, section 8.

the case also eliminated maryland's legislation to impose taxes to a national bank, asserting that even though the states retained the power of taxation, the constitution's laws are supreme and can not be controlled by the states, therefore, if a state law contradicts the constitution, it should be declared illegal.

explanation:

a. competition with other nations.

answer; /// i believe the correct answer is (oasis)

1) the degree of the function is odd, so the ends of the graph continue in opposite directions. because the leading coefficient is positive, the left side of the graph continues down the coordinate plane and the right side continues upward.